ECONOMIC MECHANISMS FOR GREENING THE ACTIVITIES OF WATER SUPPLY ENTERPRISES AND METHODS FOR ASSESSING THEIR EFFECTIVENESS

Abstract

This article explores theoretical and methodological approaches to defining the economic foundations for greening water supply companies. The relevance of this topic is driven by the critical state of water bodies, the high level of deterioration of housing and public utilities infrastructure, and the need to implement the National Ecology Project. The aim of this work is to systematize conceptual approaches and develop a unique definition of the category "greening water supply companies" taking into account modern ESG requirements, the circular economy, and digitalization. The article analyzes the evolution of the concept of "greening," systematizes key principles such as sustainability, prevention, resource efficiency, and adaptability, defines the role of water utilities in environmental protection, and examines economic mechanisms for incentivizing environmental protection. An economic analysis of the effectiveness of a wastewater treatment plant reconstruction project is conducted. It concludes that environmental obligations need to be transformed from a cost item into a source of long-term efficiency.